Paper-making machine



(No Model.)

.11. HODGES.

' PA'PEQ MAKING MAGHINE. No. 335,030. Patent-ed Jan. 26, 1886.;

N4 PETERS. PhnloLilhugruphur, Washington, D c.

'NITE STATES PATENT SAMUEL H. HODGES, OF PARISH OF STREET, COUNTY OF SOMERSET, ENG- LAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO GEORGE E. BARNARD, OF LYNN,

MASSACHUSETTS.

PAPER-MAKING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 335,030, dated January 26, 1886.

Application filed October 26, 1885. Serial No. 180,947. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL I-IoRATIo HODGES, residing in the Parish of Street, county of Somerset, England, have invented an Improvement in Paper-Making Machines, of

which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention has for its object to improve papermaking machines of the cylinder class employed in the production of paper-boardior so-called leather-board, in order that the direction of the travel of the pulp may be changed from time to time to effect the distribution of the fioating fiber of the pulp in different directions upon the forming cylinder, the web taken up by the said forming-cylinder being so placed, one layer or portion with relation to another, on the usual press-roll as to leave the fibers of the different layers crossing each other.

In machines now commonly employed in the manufacture of paper-board, or so-called 2 leather-board, the fiber is deposited upon a wire-covered forming-cylinder, which is rofated in the presence of the pulp in a vat, and the fiber is kept from settling in the vat by means of an agitator but the fiber so deposited 3Q is laid substantially in the direction of rotation of the cylinder, and as a result the layers of paper taken from the forming-cylinder by the usual belt and couching-roller and applied to the press-roll has its fiber all substantially in the same direction, and the paper produced is left very strong in one and very weak in the other direction.

It is a great desideratuni to produce paperboard or leather-board equally strong in all 0 directions; and to do this I have provided means for generating in the pulp a current in one and then in another direction, whereby the fiber laid upon the forming-cylinder will for a time be diverted in one direction and then in another direction, so that the pulpweb when deposited in layers one upon the other on the press-roll may present its fibers in different directions, or so as to cross each other.

My invention consists, essentially,in the combination,with a pulp-vat and a rotating form lug-cylinder placed therein, of means for forciug the said pulp into the vat alternately or at will from opposite sides, thus changing atpredetermined intervals the direction of flow of the pulp in the vatneXt the formingcylinder, thereby enabling the fiberin the pulp and being taken up by the forming-cylinder to be laid thereon at different angles, substantially as will be described.

Figure l in cross-section represents a pulpvat and forming-cylinder with my improve ment added to the pulp-vat, and Fig. 2, alefthand elevation of Fig. l.

The pulp-vat A and forming-cylinder therein are and may be of usual construction or such as commonly employed in the manufacture of paper-board or soralled leather-board.

In the formation of the board described,the pulp deposited upon the forming-cylinder is taken therefrom by means of an endless belt passed over couching-rollers, the pulp-web deposited upon the endless belt being delivered therefrom usually upon a press-roller, about which it is accumulated until it is of sufficient thickness for the board to be made, when the accumulated material in numerous layers is out through longitudinally with relation to the roll,and the material is removed as a sheet or slab having a length equal to the circumference of the roller. In case the fiber in the pulpvat all runs in substantially the same direction, the material wound upon the roller is strong in one directionnamely, that of the length of the fiber-but weak in the reverse direction. p

In accordance with my invention, I have provided a rotary or other usual forcing-pump, C, which, by a pipe, D, is in communication with the pulp-vat A. The pump has an outlet, G, and a valve-chamber, 0 having two outlets, 2 3, and within the valve-chamber is a valve, a, connected with a rod, or, joined to a link, of, which is reoiprocated to move the valve by means of an eccentric, a on i the small shaft a having its bearings in uprights a, the said shaft having attached to it a pulley, b, driven by a suitable belt, b set in motion by a counter or other usual shaft, the said shaft a being rotated slowly, so as to cause the valve a to close first one and then the other of the outlets 2 3 for a length of time corresponding substantially with that required for each complete rotation of the forming-cylinder in the pulp-vat. The outlet 2 has connected with it a pipe, 6, which is led across the pulp-vat and bent down, so that its end enters the pulp-vat near the level of the pulp. The outlet 3 has connected with it a short pipe, 6, which leads into the pulp-vat at its other side, as shown in the drawings, Fig. 1.

In practice the forming-cylinder B,having a reticulated surface,will be rotated in any usual manner, and the pulp-stock used will be of any usual material and consistency.

The pump herein shown as one of the rotary class may be of any usual construction, and as herein shown it will be driven by a belt on the pulley eflattached to its shalt. While the forming-cylinder is being rotated to take up the fiber in the pulp, the pump will be operated so as to draw a portion of the pulp from the pulp-vat through the pipe D and discharge thepulp into the valve-chamberC, from which it will beforccd by the pump through the pipes e 6, one or the other, that depending upon which one of the outlets 2 3 is uncovered.

1n the drawings, the outlet3 is covered,and the pulp is supposed to be passing through the pipe 6 into the righthand end of the pulpvat, which operation establishes a current in the pulp that tends to effect theloading ofthe fiber upon the forming-cylinder in the direction of the dashesf. The outlet 2 will be left open and the pulp will be discharged in the pulp-vat through the pipe 6, preferably for a length of time sufficient to enable the formingcylinder to rotate one or more times, and then the valve'a will be moved to cover the outlet 2 and uncover the outlet 3, when the pulp in the valve chamber (7 will thereafter pass into the pulp-vat through the pipe 6, changing the current of the pulp in the vat,

. so as to effect the loading of the fibers on the forming-chamber substantially in the direction of the das'hesf, and the current will be continued in this direction untilthe formingcylinder has made one or more rotations. As a result of the change of direction of the current in the pulp-vat, the fibers are inclined first in one direction and then in the opposite direction, so that the fibers in the pulp as deposited upon the forming-cylinder are for one or more rotations of the cylinder inclined in one direction, and then for one or more rotations of the cylinder in an opposite direction, and the pulp-web taken from the formingcylinder by the endless felt will have its fibers laid at intervals in opposite directions, or nearly so, and as the pulp on the endless felt is applied to it, accumulating upon the pressroller, so that the fibers in different portions thereof are made to cross each other at an angle, which will add very materially to the strength of the paper or leather board which will be produced.

I do not desire or intend to limit my invention to the employment of the pump of the particular kind herein shown, as, instead thereof, I may employ any well-known or equivalent apparatus by which to keep the thin or reduced pulp in motion in the vat in a direction parallel, or substantially so, to the axis of rotation of the forming-cylinder; nor do I desire to limit my invention to the exact location of the pump with relation to the pulpvat, nor to the exact construction of the valve, for, instead of the valve shown, I may employ any other usual valve capable of opening and closing one port or outlet after the other in the desired time and order.

I have herein shown the pulpvat as provided with but one forming-cylinder, and I have shown two pipes, e e, to operate alternately in changing the direction of the current of the pulp at that side of the formingcylinder upon which the pulp is deposited.

I desire it to be understood that as a modification of my invention I might employ two fOrmingcyIinders, and that the pipe 6 might operate to establish the current at the forming side of one cylinder in one direction while the pipe 0 would be made to establish a current at the forming side of the second cylinder, but in an opposite direction; but in such case the valve would be omitted.

In the modification referred to the fibers taken up by one cylinder would be inclined in a directionopposite that of the fiber taken up by the other cylinder, and as the material upon each cylinder is thereafter applied to the end less. felt, one layer after the other, it will be seen that the fibers in the successive layers would cross each other, substantially as hereinbefore provided for, thus strengthening the completed web.

I claim- 1. In a paper-making machine, a pulp-vat and a forming cylinder therein, combined with a pump and a pipe to connect it with the pulp-vat, the pump operating to force the pulp into the pulp-vat in a direction parallel, or nearly so, to the axis of rotation of the forming-cylinder, to thereby establish a cross current in the pulp-vat, substantially as described.

2. In a paper-making'machinc, a pulp-vat and one or more forming cylinders therein, combined with a series of pipes and with a pump to force the pulp through one and then the otherof the said pipes, in order to change at intervals the direction of the flow of the pulp in and through the said pulpvat, for the purposes set forth.

3. The pulp-vat, a pipe, D, connected therewith, a pump, a valve-chamber and valve therein, combined with a forming-cylinder located within the pulp-vat, and with pipes e 6, through which the pulp is forced into the pulpvat to change the direction of the current therein, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' SAMUEL H. HODGES.

\Vitnesses:

G. W. GREGORY, F. CUTTER. 

